Ion Exchange
Ion exchange fits for various chemical particles, for chloride/calcium/magnesium/sodium in Alberta, and even nitrate and sulfate, ion exchange can deal with them. In resins pollutant ions will be replaced by harmless ions, and resins can be recycled for using again.
The Ion Exchange process
Usually, the IE column diameter can be from 0.5 to 3.2 m,
but some big columns can reach up to 4.0 m.
Cost?
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$0.30 to $0.80/1,000 gallons feed water
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The cost of an simple ion exchange system will be from $ 50,000 to $ 100,000
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For a strong industrial chemical handling system which contains storage tanks, metering pumps and forwarding pumps, the cost can be around $100,000 to $300,000(depends on the size)
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If the SO-25AX / SO-25MX resin needs to be added, the price may increase with $1,000 per cubic foot (of the resin) or more